Ⅰ 翻譯學論文開題報告
翻譯學論文開題報告
開題報告是提高選題質量和水平的`重要環節。下面握陸賀是我為大家整理的一篇以《目的段派論在英漢廣告翻譯上的應用》為例的語言悉鍵學碩士論文開題報告,供參考閱讀,希望對您有所幫助。
1、選題意義和背景
The progress of economic globalization has greatly hit the social life.
Advertising has become an important way of modern marketing and has attractedmerchants and the company. As people's consciousness worldwide enhances, manyprocts and services of advertising will be translated into other languages forpromotion to explore overseas markets. Advertising, as an effective way ofdisseminating brand information, has penetrated into many aspects of social life, andit plays a bridge role in connection and communication. Since China's accession tothe WTO, its connection with the world gets even closer. More and moreinternational enterprises and proct brands come into China's huge market.
Translation of procts and services for overseas consumers is not only the functionof promoting consumption, but also the effect of external publicity. In the globalmarket, advertising translation not only brings an opportunity for advertising, butalso has brings the huge challenge. Therefore, mastery of both Chinese and Englishadvertising translation is particularly important.
Skopos theory is the foundation and the core theory of functionalism. Skopostheory holds that the process of the whole translation behavior is determined to thepurpose of translation action, that is, the end justifies the means. The purpose of thetranslation behavior is the core element which determines the translation process.
Advertising translation has a strong purpose. What is more important toadvertising translation is whether translation can convey the purpose of source textand achieve the anticipated target of the source text, so as to attract the attention offoreign customers to ince their consumption desire, eventually to incur purchasebehavior.
2、論文綜述/研究基礎
1 Advertising Translation Studies in the West.
Advertising translation was mentioned in translation studies for the first time inHurbin's (1972) article 「Peut-on traire la langue de la publicé」 (Can OneTranslate the Language of Advertising?)。 At that time, linguistics was the dominanthumanistic discipline, meanwhile, linguistics made translating a code-switchingoperation. Equivalence-based linguistic approaches mainly focus on the source text.
Hurhin argued that for one source text, there are several translations, and thetranslators chose which translation is the most appropriate one. Hurbin also pointedthat if glossaries of advertising language is compiled, this was made easier. So thetranslators will be easy to find the most appropriate equivalent expressions betweenthe source and the target text.
In Candace Seguinot's (1995) article 「Translation and Advertising: GoingGlobal in Cultural Functions of Translation」. The main opinion of which is thatacross cultural boundaries, there is an understanding of culture and semioticsappearing in the marketing of goods and services. It goes well beyond both languageand design.
Another representative article 「Advertising: a five-stage strategy for translationin Translation」 as Intercultural Communication which is edited by C. Nord et al. Thearticle is published by Smith & Klein-Braley (1997)。 In this article, they conct acontrastive analysis of English and German advertising. Then they developedtaxonomy of strategies for the analysis of advertising translation.
Up to now, the book which maybe the only one published exclusively onadvertisement translation is Translation Practices in International Advertisingwritten by Mathieu Guidere (2001)。 This book mainly talks about various aspects ofadvertising translation in international market and mainly concerns the globaladvertising of multinational companies, because they need to translate their proctsinformation into other languages. The author analyzes some examples in advertisingtranslation and he shows readers some essential problems in current translation ideas.
This book introced the strategies of translation which are implemented by the multinational firms to break into new markets.
2 Advertising Translation Studies in China.
Domestic advertising translation studies officially started in 1990s. In terms ofresearch contents, the initial studies mainly focused on the discussion about specificadvertising translation of idioms and the existing problems in Chinese-Englishadvertising translation. That was the primary stage. Years later, advertisingtranslation principle and criteria became the research themes. People hold the viewthat, advertising translation should give attention to in many aspects, such as text,language beauty, consumer psychology. Researchers illustrated their respectivepoints of view from different angles. Since the late 90s, although the discussion oftranslation principle and criteria were still mentioned, the researchers' attention weregraally focused on translation of difficult parts in advertising, such as therhetorical devices, emotional transmission, brand image and trademark reproction ,etc. In terms of research methods, domestic advertising translation study mainly usesthe inctive method and the case study. Nevertheless, in recent years, researchersbegin to use the theory achievements of pragmatics and other related disciplines toanalyze different kinds of problems in advertising translation, and then put forwardsome translation strategies.
As early as xx, Li Fan proposed the development of the advertising languageposed a severe challenge to advertising translation. The artful advertisings require thetranslator to break hard the tradition of the original, boldly innovate, and improve thequality of translation. There are three reasons for flexible advertising translation: 1)the purpose of advertising is to ince consumer to purchase procts. Text is justmeans, so translations do not have to stick to the text equivalent; 2) the feature ofadvertising language is vivid, which is the essence of advertising language. If thetranslation is not bold to change, there will be no magic translation; 3) formulaicexpressions are common use in advertising, if not alternative, it may be translatedinto foreign stereotyped writing (黎凡 xx:29-31)。 At the same time, researchersthought in terms of some specific advertisements, flexible translation seems to be theonly way, especially in the four kinds of advertising: 1) advertising used of witty and polished words; 2) advertising used of brand name; 3) advertising used of puns; 4)advertising with strong national culture color.
In order to achieve concise expression, attract more readers' attention, facilitatereaders recognize and remember, advertising writing should follow the KISSprinciple, namely, 「keep it short and sweet」 (郭可 1992:57-64)。 A great number ofstudies on advertising translation are associated with concise problem. Ding Shude isdedicated to his studies. He holds that: 1) Chinese advertising often uses modifiers toemphasis, proct characteristics, while English advertising is simple words, mainlywith oral type. a lot of subject-predicative phrases in Chinese can be directlytranslated into adjectives English , such as 速度快、效率高、行動靈活 can betranslated into 「fast, efficient and handy」; 2) There are a large number of the fourwords in Chinese advertising structure, which bring parallelism and overlapping tostrengthen language, but there is no such characteristic in English. InChinese-English translation should hold the center, around the center word leads toall aspects; 3) there are often loose sentences, which express a large amount ofinformation in Chinese advertising. Translation should be concise and compact,strengthen the logic; 4) Chinese advertising commonly uses formulaic expressions.
Translation should be fascinating, considering the overall rhetorical, but not stackrhetoric. Good English advertising language is not many words, but it is impressive(丁樹德 xx: 42-43)。 Cao Shunfa also takes a large number of examples of bothEnglish-Chinese translation two aspects show that based on the principle of simple,the translation of advertising language should strive to use the most simple languageto express the most complex meaning, to make it easy to be remembered (曹順發xx: 43-45)。
Equivalence theory is based on Nida's equivalence translation theory. On thisbasis, some researchers point out that commercial advertising translation is mainlyon the equivalence of semantic, social and cultural, and stylistic aspect. 1) Thesemantic equivalence. This is the most basic and important equivalence. From wordto chapter, in order to achieve the semantic equivalence, the first thing to thetranslator is that he must determine the meaning of the translation unit in context.
;Ⅱ 本科畢業論文任務書和開題報告
本科畢業論文任務書和開題報告
一、任務書
英文題目: A Brief Analysis of Mistranslation of Titles for English Films and Countermeasures
題目來源 □教師科研項目 □教師指定 √學生自擬 □其他
基本任務與要求 論文主題是英文電影片名的誤譯以及對誤譯提出的對策,研究方向是翻譯方向。
要求學生通過對英文電影片名特點、作用的分析,力圖結合英文電影片名的翻譯原則以及翻譯方法,來研究英文電影片名的誤譯及對策。論文通過探討引起誤譯的原因,具體以被誤譯的英文電影片名來討論和研究誤譯的現象和對策。並綜合國內外學者的研究提出英文電影片名翻譯的原則和翻譯方法,以減少誤譯的發生。
嚴格規范論文格式,嚴禁抄襲
擬解決主要問題及預期成果 論文從英文電影片名的誤譯著手,研究英文電影片名的特點和功能,分析引起誤譯的原因,研究英文電影片名的翻譯原則和方法,已到達減少英文電影片名誤譯和提升英文電影片名翻譯水平的目的。
在規定時間內完成字數在3到5字以內的關於從翻譯角度探討英文電影片名誤譯與對策的論文。
階段性主要工作的起止時間 1.准備工作 2015.1.13起 6.論文撰寫 20151.1月起
2.選題 2015.1.3-15.15 7.完成初稿 20151.3.15
3.資料收集 2015.15.16-15.3 8.修改、定稿 20151.4.26
4.開題報告 2015.12.1-12.15 9.答辯 20151.5月下旬
5.論文大綱 2015.12.16-12.2 1.其他工作 20151.6月
學生完成論文最終時間: 20151 年 4 月 26 日
學生接受任務時間: 2015 年 15 月 16 日 學生簽名:
指導教師簽名:
年 月 日
系審核意見
系主任簽名: 年 月 日
二、開題報告
中文題目 淺談英文電影片名的誤譯及對策
英文題目 A Brief Analysis of Mistranslation of Titles for English Films and Countermeasures
開題報告內容
1.選題背景(含國內外相關研究綜述及評價)與意義。
對於電影片名的誤譯及對策的課題,國內外學者都有很多研究,國內學者付有龍、馮小霞、劉顯才等對英文電影片名的翻譯及誤譯都有深入研究;國外學者也就這一方向有相關研究,如 Peter.Newmark, Lynn.Andrew和 Cattrysse.Patrick等的研究較為深入,他們關於英文電影名稱的特點與功能﹑電影名稱的誤譯以及翻譯方法的研究具有代表性。
國內學者付有龍就電影片名的誤譯方面做了相關研究,他在電影評價上發表的《電影片名誤譯及其翻譯方法》得出電影片名的誤譯是由多方面因素引起的,包括:對電影文化內涵缺乏了解,過度追求商業利潤,過分追求系列模式化等。
國外學者Cattrysse.Patrick 的Talking about the movie name translation對電影片名翻譯的原則和方法提供了更好的論證,他認為電影片名的翻譯應該遵循翻譯的原則,而且不同類型的電影片名應該用適合的翻譯方法來翻譯,這樣才可以更好地避免誤譯的發生。
論文具有一定的學術性、現實性、前沿性、針對性或新穎性;與社會、生活相結合,論文研究的英文電影片名的誤譯現象越來越受到學術界重視,與人們生活息息相關。根據國內外學者的研究,論文分析了英文電影片名的特徵和功能,為研究英文電影片名的翻譯提供更好的基礎,透析英文電影片名的誤譯現象和誤譯原因,總結英文電影片名翻譯的原則和適合不同英文電影片名翻譯的翻譯方法。該論文的研究有利於減少誤譯引起的麻煩,提高英文電影片名的翻譯水平,從而更好地減少文化隔閡,有利於電影業的更好發展。
2. 選題研究的方法與主要內容。
在收集資料,閱讀相關文獻的基礎上,與指導教師討論,共同確定選題,列出論文提綱,並擬採用例證法,分析法,比較法,推導論述法等方法進行論文撰寫。
論文主要研究英文電影片名的'誤譯以及對誤譯提出的對策,通過綜合歸納英文電影片名的特點、作用,結合英文電影片名的翻譯原則以及翻譯方法,以Rain Man, Bad Company,American Beauty, Original Sin等多部外國電影片名的翻譯為實例,試圖從電影片名翻譯錯誤的視角,就英文電影片名的誤譯以及對策這一論題進行深入探討,旨在達成減少英文電影片名的誤譯以及減少誤譯帶來的麻煩,從而更好地發揮電影片名的作用以及使外國電影更好地被中國人接受和認可的目的。
3. 研究條件及可能存在的問題。
通過專業學習,具備基本英語語言技能和專業知識,擁有所選課題需要的部分資料和相關理論書籍,校圖書館和網路有豐富的資料可查詢。同時,有指導教師的指導和幫助,能夠順利完成論文寫作。
對於論文,可能存在的問題有相關文獻和著作收集不足;理論理解、分析不夠深刻、透徹;理論研究較為膚淺;理論聯系實際不夠;缺乏充分、全面的實踐證明等問題,但是論文將盡量減少類似問題發生,盡量完善各方面。
參考文獻:
Andrew, Lynn. Happreciating Cinema. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 26.
Patrick , Cattrysse. Talking about the movie name translation. New York: Random House Inc., 28.
Newmark, Peter. A Textbook of Translation. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Ecation Press, 2015.
劉顯才. 英文電影片名翻譯的跨文化解讀. 遼寧:長春電影文學出版社, 29.
付有龍. 電影片名誤譯及其翻譯方法. 電影評價, 29, 9: 54-56.
4.擬解決的主要問題和預期效果。
論文主要試圖研究英語電影片名的誤譯,通過對具體英語電影片名翻譯的分析研究,從英文電影片名的特點、作用等方面,分析英語電影片名誤譯的影響和正確翻譯的意義,從而探究避免英語電影片名誤譯的相關策略和方法,最終按照學士學位畢業論文的要求,完成3到5詞左右的論文,並順利通過答辯。
計劃起止時間 完成主要任務
2015年1月13日——2015年1月2日 論文准備工作
2015年1月3日——2015年15月3日 論文選題和收集資料
2015年12月1日——2015年12月2日 開題報告、任務書和論文提綱填寫
2015年1月1日——2015年3月15日 完成論文初稿
2015年3月2日——2015年4月26日 修改論文並定稿
2015年5月下旬 ——2015年6月 論文答辯及其他工作
指導教師審核意見 論文主要研究英語電影片名的誤譯及對策,學生在寫作過程中應認真查閱相關資料,運用例證法,分析法,比較法,推導論述法等方式深入探討英語電影片名的誤譯,並提出對策。該論文寫作應嚴格按照進度計劃進行,論文格式應該完全符合論文寫作規范,並在規定時間內完成論文、順利通過答辯。
指導教師簽名:
;Ⅲ 翻譯專業開題報告
翻譯專業開題報告
開題做基報告是畢業論文答辯委陵胡戚員會對學生答辯資格審查的一個重要依據材料。下面是我為大家收集整理的翻尺陵譯專業開題報告,歡迎閱讀。
How to Deal with Ellipsis in English-Chinese Translation
I. Purpose and Significance
With the development of globalization, the world』s political, economic and cultural communications are becoming increasingly frequent. Therefore, the role of translation cannot be ignored. However, the differences between English and Chinese cultures that are reflected in the two languages pose considerable difficulty.
It is acknowledged that when doing translation one can not translate word for word, or sentence by sentence. Therefore, we must use some translation strategies such as amplification, ellipsis, conversion and so on. Ellipsis as one of the basic translation methods plays an essential role in English-Chinese rendition. Translators apply it in order to make their versions more coherent and understandable.
According to the Oxford Advanced Learner』s English-Chinese Dictionary, ellipsis means leaving out a word or words from a sentence deliberately, when the meaning can be understood without them. Ellipsis in translation does not mean cutting some content from the original articles. What could be omitted are words that are useless in translated works or else they will make the versions rendant or disobey the manner of expression in another language.
Some words and phrases are useless in Chinese but necessary in English. Articles in English are the most significant phenomenon from this aspect. They are very important in English, but we can hardly see any reflection of this part in Chinese. Ellipsis is designed on the basis of faithfulness to the original text, making it more fluent, smooth, concise, thus conforming to idiomatic Chinese. The paper will explore ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from five aspects, which are ellipses of pronouns, conjunctions, articles, prepositions, modifications, so as to achieve smoother and clearer communications among China and English-speaking countries.
II. Literature Review
Long before, some people began to learn other countries』 languages to understand others cultures. In China, Xuanzang was the first translator who not only translated the Sanskrit sutras into Chinese, but introced the first Chinese writings to foreign countries, making foreigners understand China』s ancient culture. Meanwhile, he was the first to translate Lao Tse's works into Sanskrit. Indian scholars had a high opinion of Xuanzang, "In China, there is no such great translator, and also in the human cultural history, we can only say that Xuanzang is the first great translator."(Ye Lang, 2008) We can say that it was Xuanzang who motivated people to know the different parts of the world, their cultures and the peoples who live there. Then, some big countries such as America, China, and so on became a melting pot.(Gu Zhengkun, 2000) People have imperceptibly spent thousands of years in knowing each other.
With China』s entry into WTO and its open-up policy, cross-cultural exchanges are increasingly frequent between this country and others. A lot of foreign tourists come to visit China. While traveling, these foreigners are not satisfied with the translations of the scenic spots. Sometimes, they even feel confused. A lot of problems exist in the translation, such as misuse of words, poor expression of meaning and so on. All of these poor translations do harm to our country』s international image, and cause a lot of inconveniences for the foreign visitors. (Ma Zuyi, 2000). I am fond of tourism and being a free tourist like the others who are good at enjoying their wonderful lives. The love of tourism makes me feel the need to improve the translation. But every time when I have a trip, many unsuitable translations of the names of those scenic spots will embarrass me. Tourism is part of intercultural communication, so proper translation of the scenic spots become more and more important to our country.
Communication plays a significant role in the globalized society. In order to know each other better, people from all over the world have tried a verity of ways. Of course, translation is one of them. All translators have done their best to make the translated works more consistent with the needs of people.(Gu Jinming, 1997) From my perspective, they really have done a great job. And I want to retrospect the cause of their development. After a thorough evaluation, I choose a branch of translation—ellipsis in translation from English to Chinese, then I did the following jobs.
I put all my researches and other stuffs together, and then I found that it is a common case in English and Chinese which draws much academic interest. In 1976, Halliday and Hsan classified ellipsis into nominal, verbal and clausal ellipsis. This classification exerts great influence in academic circle. Thereafter, ellipsis in Chinese and English has been studied according to this theory, which is based on different layers of structure. This kind of study underlines differentiations and similarities of ellipsis in Chinese and English.
Another famous theory to explain ellipsis is Economy Principle. Economy Principle was put forward by Chomsky (1991,1993, and 1995) in his Generate Crammer. It maintains that language and linguistic study follow Economy Principle, which means using the least effort to express the most information. This principle just coincides with ellipsis in function.
In this thesis, I think that brevity is the most obvious and common function of ellipsis, especially in daily language. And in both English and Chinese, people advocate brevity. Shakespeare once remarked, 「brevity is the soul of wit」, and in Chinese there are numerous idioms like 「yan jian yi gai」 (meaning compendious). However, apart from the function of brevity, ellipsis embodies other functions which are also pretty common in the two languages but less noticed.(Hua Xianfa,2002)These functions distribute in both English and Chinese unevenly and represent great colorfulness of language. Exploring other functions of ellipsis and searching for functional recreation in translation will be of much benefit to both English to Chinese and Chinese to English translation.
I found that when Chinese authors try to analyse ellipsis in English to Chinese translation, they always initially put articles in the list. They consider that it is a common phenomenon that Chinese always leave out personal articles. While it is obviously different in English that almost every sentence has a subject, we can see articles fluently. That is because when we translate from English to Chinese, personal articles can be omitted, even though sometimes it may appear once, it can also be omitted if necessary. Furthermore, if the objects can be seen obviously, personal articles should also be omitted. However, it never happens in English. From this point, it is not only allowable but also necessary when we translate personal articles which are objects in sentences into Chinese.
In my point of view, the development of society has in some way has deliberately promoted the way of people』s thinking, translation system has become more and more perfect, people from all over the world have enjoyed the convenience. However, we can not neglect that there are still some problems in this field in China, and we have less influential Chinese translators in the world. Therefore, we still have a long way to go in translation.
III. Feasibility Analysis
This academic paper is a feasible project and the reasons are as follows:
1.I have great interests in the way of English-Chinese translation.
2.I have already studied translation methods and have been familiar with the functions and applications of ellipsis .
3.I have collected enough references both Chinese and Western on ellipsis in
translation and do a scrupulous study of the relationship between them.
4.I have a carefully planned schele and have worked out a detailed outline of this thesis.
5.I have acquainted myself with the correct format, a clear and complete structure required by the academic paper, and my adequate English competence will enable me to write in fluent and precise English.
6.My instructor is a qualified translator who is familiar with the subject I havechosen.
IV. Problems of the research and solutions
1. Problems
Despite the references I have collected and read, a thorough study of ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from the point of freely using still needs far more. What』s more, owing to the limited ways of getting references in Xinjiang, I will have to make full use of my present resources. Also, this is the first time I have ever written such a serious academic paper. I am therefore a learner and lack the needed training and experience.
2. Solutions
(1) I shall make full use of my already acquired references which come from books, magazines and the Internet as well.
(2) I shall value my own original thoughts and mainly rely on detailed analysis that I have read from the books which have closely idea with my purpose.
(3) When I have difficulties in the writing process, I shall consult my instructor and seek for help.
V. Necessary conditions
1. Our university and school of foreign languages have provided the basic study and research conditions and facilities, including books and journals in the library and reading rooms.
2. The Internet is another source of information and on the campus we have easy access to the Internet.
3. I have been assigned an instructor to guide me through the whole process of planning and writing.
VI. Outline
I. Introction
A. A Brief Introction of Ellipsis in Translation
B. What Should We Pay Attention to When Dealing with Ellipsis
C. The Reason Why Ellipsis Is So Widely Used in Translation
1. Chinese Expressions Are Much Briefer Than That of English
2. English Grammar Is Wee-Knit and Complete in Sentence Structure
II. The Principles of Ellipsis
A. Omitted Words Must Be Useless And Unnecessary in the Translated Works
B. The Meaning of the Omitted Words Is Implied in the Test
C. Omitted Words Which Are Self-Evident
Ш. The Functions and Applications of Ellipsis
A. The Coherence of the Meaning of Expression
B. The Coincidence of the Manner of Expression
1. Ellipsis of Articles
a. Ellipsis of Definite Articles
b. Ellipsis of Indefinite Articles
2. Ellipsis of Prepositions
3. Ellipsis of Pronouns
a. Ellipsis of Personal and Impersonal Pronouns
b. Ellipsis of Indefinite Pronouns
c. Ellipsis of Relative Pronouns
4. Ellipsis of Conjunctions
a. Ellipsis of Coordinating Conjunctions
b. Ellipsis of Subordinate Conjunctions
5. Ellipsis of Rhetoric
a. Ellipsis of Repeated Words
b. Ellipsis of Synonyms
選題的原因、基本內容:
英語成語(idiom)是英語的核心與精華。其內容豐富,寓意深刻,具有濃厚的感情色彩。如果能在文章、談話或對外交往中,恰當地加以運用,會大大增加語言的表達能力,收到良好的效果。英語諺語是英語語言的'精華,是英國藝術寶庫的瑰麗明珠。英語諺語的句式特點是句式簡單,語言精煉,富於形象比喻,充滿濃郁的民族色彩。學習和研究英語諺語有助於啟迪思想,開拓視野,了解英國的歷史文化、風土人情,以及英國人民的人生哲理,同時還可以學到生動活潑的大眾語言。
本文通過比較英漢成語及諺語這兩種語言的相似及不同之處,詳細的介紹英語成語及諺語。第一部分主要從內容和形式兩方面談談英語成語及諺語的基本特色;第二部分談及英語成語及諺語的一般翻譯方法和翻譯時應該注意的一些問題。
相關資料收集情況:
陳亞光。小議英諺語和成語的創新。上海外國語學院學報,1983。
黃粉保。英漢成語翻譯漫談。雲夢學刊,1999/2
顧雪梁。語成語英譯探索。廣州師范學院學報,1993/2。
張培基,喻雲根,李宗傑,彭謨禹。《英漢翻譯教程》。北京:中國外語教育出版社,xx/8
楊永和。英語諺語的修辭特點研究。重慶工學院學報,xx/3。
論文提綱:
thesis statemen:this essay discourse the features and translation of english
idioms and proverbs. and from the society culture to find out the basic different between chinese.
outline
ⅰ. introction: for chinese students, english idioms and proverbs is a stumbling block. so the characteristics and translation of idioms and proverbs should be studied.
ⅱ. the characteristics of english idioms and proverbs
a. the characteristics of english idioms
1. simple but rich
2. harmonious phonology
3. vivid metaphor
b. the characteristics of english proverb
1. concise and clear
2. symmetrical sentence pattern
3. rich and varied rhetoric
ⅲ. the translation of english idioms and proverbs
a. the theories of translation
1. literal translation
2. free translation
3. mechanical application of the synonym chinese proverb
4. literal translation and free translation
b. the points of translation
1. the literal translation of proverbs prohibited
2. the translation of proverbs to keep the original text style
3. the translation of proverbs to notice the national characteristic
4. the translation of proverbs to notice the artistic characteristic
ⅳ. conclusion
指導教師意見:
指導教師簽名:
年 月 日
;Ⅳ 論哈利波特字幕的翻譯
你的論文是哪個特定版本的哈利波特么?不一樣的字幕組出的很不同啊、、
單從開題報告來說的話呢,起碼有這些方面都可以寫:
1、找一些詞彙水平相當的電影,在「信、達、雅」上作下對比
2、與論文相同字幕組的作品做下對比,總結翻譯風格
3、與之同時期的其他電影翻譯中,了解當時翻譯作品中對 「熱詞」 的使用情況
4、看看能不能找到觀眾對電影的評價(包括看過原著和沒看過原著的兩個群體),了解他們對電影對白的看法
5*、如果論文是某一特定版本,找一些其他字幕組的翻譯,看看有什麼不同,挺哪個版本的觀眾最多
Ⅳ 翻譯方向論文題目選題參考
題目是論文內容的高度概括,它對讀者具有影響力,可使讀者首先明確論文研究的主題。下面我給大家帶來翻譯方向論文題目選題參考2022,希望能幫助到大家!
↓↓↓點擊獲取更多"論文"相關內容↓↓↓
★ 優秀論文題目2022 ★
★ 畢業論文答辯發言稿 ★
★ 畢業論文答辯致謝詞 ★
★ 大學畢業論文評語 ★
翻譯碩士論文題目選題參考
1、《中國古代 足球 》古漢語專名與古詩詞的英譯處理
2、英文合同漢譯中規范性的實現策略
3、以目 標語 讀者為導向的 廣告 翻譯策略研究
4、鹽城旅遊文本中特色詞彙的翻譯問題
5、從接受美學視角探究文學作品中模糊語言翻譯
6、法律文獻中專業術語英譯的探討
7、揚州旅遊文本里 文化 因素的翻譯
8、網路輔助下英語縮略語的翻譯策略研究
9、有道詞典在翻譯中的應用
10、 英語 散文 120篇漢譯項目 報告
11、徐州景點 導游詞 翻譯中文化負載詞的處理
12、徐州特產食品 說明書 漢英翻譯研究
13、從文本功能的角度探究報刊時政新聞的漢譯
14、英語長句的英譯漢翻譯策略實證研究---以<基於語料庫的英語教學>為例
15、《物華名勝》中復合式翻譯 方法 的運用
16、《蘇斯 兒童 繪本漢譯過程中兒童語言的處理》
17、目的論指導下企業介紹的英譯研究
18、新聞發布會口譯項目報告
19、目的論視角下看中國高校宣傳片的字幕翻譯策略
20、《楊瀾訪談錄》同聲傳譯項目報告
21、VOA經濟報道口譯過程中順句驅動法運用的實踐報告
22、預測在英語 財經 新聞口譯活動中運用的實踐報告
23、中國飲食文化詞的口譯技巧—《舌尖上的中國》口譯實踐報告
24、影響英漢交替傳譯中筆記有效信息篩選障礙的項目報告——以VOA時事新聞口譯實踐為例
25、視譯停頓形成因素及解決方法報告
26、外事口譯中譯者主體性的把握
27、學生譯員漢英交傳訓練中停頓現象研究
28、商務合同英漢互譯技巧
29、英文品牌漢譯
30、知識對於翻譯的重要性
31、中英文化差異及其對英漢互譯的消極影響
32、英語廣告中修辭手法的應用及其翻譯
33、<<紅樓夢>>金陵判詞兩種譯文的比較及評析
34、從紅樓夢詩詞翻譯看翻譯中的文化補償
35、關於李後主「虞美人」的3種英譯本的鑒賞
36、跨文化交際與商標翻譯
37、中式菜餚的命名與翻譯
38、淺談英語電影片名的翻譯
39、英文電影片名的翻譯策略
40、英文化妝品廣告之美學翻譯
41、數字在中西文化中的內涵差異及數字習語翻譯初探
42、淺析原語文本在目標語文本中文體的適應性
43、英語慣用語翻譯中的等效性研究
44、論語境在英漢翻譯中的作用
45、淺析英語動畫片翻譯的基本原則
46、中英服飾廣告的翻譯
47、論英漢翻譯中語篇連貫的重要性
48、論譯者的風格與譯風
49、經濟英語中的隱喻及其翻譯
50、從翻譯的美學角度淺析旅遊資料的中英譯
51、翻譯中的文化因素
52、影視字幕翻譯的原則
53、影響長句翻譯的因素
54、例析英譯漢中形象語言的處理
英語專業 畢業 論文翻譯方向題目
1、 圖里規范理論視角下的《四洲志》翻譯研究
2、 翻譯倫理視域下楊曙輝和楊韻琴《喻世明言》英譯本研究
3、 《圍城》英譯研究
4、 余華小說《兄弟》中的文化專有詞英譯研究
5、 漢語形容詞重疊式及其基式英譯對比研究
6、 英漢交流虛構運動事件中路徑和方式表徵的對比研究
7、 漢語情態動詞「能」字結構的翻譯
8、 英漢運動事件表徵方式對比研究
9、 順應論視角下視覺動詞的漢英互譯研究
10、 語用順應論視閾下漢語聽覺動詞的英譯研究
11、 基於交往能力理論的翻譯主體間性實證研究
12、 目的論視角下的電氣英語翻譯
13、 從符號視角看翻譯中視覺非語言符號的信息處理
14、 功能對等理論視角下政府公文英譯策略研究
15、 女性主義視角下影視字幕翻譯策略研究
16、 操縱論視角下政治文本的漢英翻譯研究
17、 從功能對等原則看中國上古神話中神話意象的翻譯
18、 從德國功能派翻譯理論視角分析領導人演講口譯
19、 文化翻譯理論指導下《黃帝內經》英譯策略研究
20、 四字格中醫術語動詞的英譯對比研究
21、 《紅樓夢》服飾文化翻譯研究探析
22、 英文傳記漢譯實踐報告
23、 生態翻譯視角下:《塵埃落定》英譯本的研究
24、 奈達的功能對等理論在Harry Potter and The Chamber of Secrets兩個譯本中的體現
25、 描寫性翻譯理論框架下《西敏寺》譯文的風格分析
26、 目的論視角下張愛玲《金鎖記》自譯本的比較研究
27、 從功能理論視角看戴譯本《邊城》中文化負載詞的翻譯策略與方法
28、 英譯詩歌韻律的定量對比分析
29、 功能對等理論視角下魯迅小說《葯》《孔乙己》《風波》兩個英譯本的對比研究
30、 奈達功能對等視角下對《瓦爾登湖》兩個中譯本的對比研究
31、 語義翻譯/交際翻譯視角下文化特色語的翻譯
32、 從關聯理論看《了不起的蓋茨比》的兩個漢譯本
33、 目的論視角下的《三體》英譯研究
34、 性別與翻譯:從女性主義翻譯觀對比分析《飄》的兩譯本
35、 目的論指導下的《舌尖上的中國》菜名英譯策略
36、 功能對等理論視角下的美國情景喜劇字幕翻譯
37、 功能對等理論視閾下的商標翻譯研究
翻譯理論與實踐論文題目
1、德國功能翻譯理論的宏觀性及其對教學的啟示
2、翻譯美學的文化考量
3、解構視角下翻譯中的二元對立分析
4、傳教士翻譯與晚清文化社會現代性
5、跨文化傳播視域下的翻譯功能研究
6、英語專業本科翻譯教學主體交往體系建構研究
7、許淵沖唐詩英譯研究
8、論英漢翻譯寫作學的建構
9、 文章 學視野下的林譯研究
10、口譯研究的生態學途徑
11、郭建中翻譯思想與實踐研究
12、跨文化語用學視角下的外宣翻譯策略研究
13、文學文本中的視覺翻譯
14、外宣翻譯研究體系建構探索
15、異化翻譯思想探究
16、翻譯的修辭學研究
17、新月派文學觀念研究
18、文章學視野下的林紓翻譯研究
19、翻譯批評原則的詮釋學研究
20、蒯因的翻譯不確定性及其對英漢互譯的啟示
21、近代中國 留學 生 教育 翻澤研究(1895~1937)
22、敘事學視域下的外宣翻譯研究
23、修辭勸說視角下的外宣翻譯研究
24、中國傳統翻譯理論觀照下的林少華文學翻譯研究
25、易學「象」視角下的譯學研究
26、對比語言學元語言系統的演變研究
27、俄語本科翻譯教材研究
28、情境翻譯與翻譯情境
29、西班牙語委婉語的多元翻譯
30、從《哥兒》林譯本的 句子 結構調整看奈達功能對等翻譯理論
31、功能對等理論與信達雅翻譯論的比較研究
32、《翻譯理論與實踐》(第二章)翻譯報告
33、從中國文化語境視角出發解讀西方女性主義翻譯
34、證券翻譯理論與實踐
35、葉維廉漢詩英譯研究
翻譯方向論文題目選題參考相關文章:
★ 翻譯方向論文題目選題參考
★ 英漢翻譯論文選題題目參考
★ 2021英語專業論文選題與題目參考
★ 翻譯英語專業畢業論文選題
★ 英語專業畢業論文選題文化
★ 英語專業文化類方面畢業論文題目選題
★ 本科英語專業畢業論文題目選題
★ 優秀英語畢業論文題目參考
★ 英語專業論文開題報告範文精選5篇
★ 2021英語專業的碩士論文題目
var _hmt = _hmt || []; (function() { var hm = document.createElement("script"); hm.src = "https://hm..com/hm.js?"; var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(hm, s); })();Ⅵ 字幕翻譯論文的開題報告怎麼寫
1. 論文的開題報告怎麼寫
論文的開題報告怎麼寫 【開題報告怎麼寫啊?我的論文題目是《運用現代教育技術優化數學
有格式的,由於開題報告是用文字體現的論文總構想,因而篇幅不必過大,但要把計劃研究的課題、如何研究、理論適用等主要問題說清楚,應包含兩個部分:總述、乎神陸提綱.1 總述開題報告的總述部分應首先提出選題,並簡明扼要地說明該選題的目的、目前相關課題研究情況、理論適用、研究方法、必要的數據等等.2 提綱開題報告包含的論文提綱可以是粗線條的,是一個研究構想的基本框架.可採用整句式或整段式提綱形式.在開題階段,提綱的目的是讓人清楚論文的基本框架,沒有必要像論文目錄那樣詳細.3 參考文獻開題報告中應包括相關參考文獻的目錄4 要求開題報告應有封面頁,總頁數應不少於4頁.版面格式應符合以下規定.開 題 報 告 學 生:一、 選題意義 1、 理論意義 2、 現實意義 二、 論文綜述 1、 理論的淵源及演進過程 2、 國外有關研究的綜述 3、 國內研究的綜述 4、 本人對以上綜述的評價 三、論文提綱 前言、 一、1、2、3、··· ···二、1、2、3、··· ···三、1、2、3、結論 四、論文寫作進度安排 畢業論文開題報告提綱一、開題報告封面:論文題目、系別、專業、年級、姓名、導師二、目的意義和國內外研究概況三、論文的理論依據、研究方法、研究內容四、研究條件和可能存在的問題五、預期的結果六、進度安排。
論文開題報告怎麼寫?
說實在的 現在我剛好也遇到這個問題 一、如何選擇問題 我一直縈繞於懷的,是在寫博士論文開題報告的一年多時間里,導師薛瀾教授反復追問的一個問題:「你的 puzzle 是什麼?」多少次我不假思索地回答「我的問題就是,中國的半導體產業為什麼發展不起來。」
薛老師問題以其特有的儲蓄,笑而不答。我在心中既惱火又懊喪:這么簡單的道理,這么明顯的答案,到底哪兒不對了?! 奧妙就在於提出問題的「層次」。
不同於政策研究報告,學術文章聚集理論層面、解決理論問題。理論是由一系列前設和術語構造的邏輯體系。
特定領域的理論有其特定的概念、范疇和研究範式。只有在相同的概念、視角和範式下,理論才能夠對話;只有通過對話,理論才能夠發展。
極少有碩博論文是創造新理論的,能這樣當然最好,但難度很大。我們多數是在既有理論的基礎上加以發展,因此,在提出問題時,要以「內行」看得懂的術語和明確的邏輯來表述。
審視我最初提出的問題「中國半導體產業為什麼發展不起來」,這僅僅是對現象的探詢,而非有待求證的理論命題。我的理論命題是:「中國產業政策過程是精英主導的共識過程嗎?」在這個命題中,「歲頃政策過程」、「精英政治」、「共識訴求」三個術語勾勒出研究的理論大體范圍和視角。
簡歷下載 其次,選擇問題是一個「剝筍」的過程。理論問題總是深深地隱藏在紛繁復雜的現實背後,而發現理論問題,則需要運用理論思維的能力。
理論思維的訓練是一個長期積累的過程。不過初學者也不必望而卻步,大體上可以分「三步走」:第一步,先劃定一個「興趣范圍」,如半導體產業、信息產業、農村醫療、高等教育體制等,廣泛瀏覽相關的媒體報道、 *** 文獻和學術文章,找到其中的「症結」或「熱點」。
第二步,總結以往的研究者大體從哪些理論視角來分析「症結」或「熱點」、運用了哪些理論工具,如公共財政的視角、社會沖突範式等。第三步,考察問題的可研究性,也就是我們自己的研究空間和研究的可行性。
例如,西瞎核方的理論是否無法解釋中國的問題?或者同一個問題能否用不同的理論來解釋?或者理論本身的前提假設、邏輯推演是否存在缺陷?通過回答這些問題,我們找到自己研究的立足點。不過還要注意我們研究在規定的一到兩年時間內,是否可能完成?資料獲取是否可行?等等。
最後,如何陳述問題?陳述問題實質上就是凝練核心觀點的過程。觀點應當來自對現實問題的思考和總結,而不是為了套理論而「削足適」。
中國的政治、經濟和社會發展充滿動態的、豐富的景象,如何才能用恰當的術語、准確的邏輯表述出來呢?雄心勃勃的初學者往往提出宏偉的概念或框架,但我的建議是盡可能縮小研究范圍、明確研究對象,從而理清對象的內存邏輯,保證能在有限的時間內完成規范的? 簡歷吧 術論文。如「中國半導體產業政策研究」就是一個非常含糊的陳述,我們可以從幾個方面來收縮話題:( 1 )時間:從 1980 年到 2000 年;( 2 )對象: *** 的叛亂者和決策行為,而不是市場、企業、治理結構等;( 3 )視角:政治和 *** 理論中的精英研究;( 4 )案例: 908 工程、 909 工程、 13 號文件和《電子振興》,這是發生在 1980 - 2000 年間半導體政策領域的兩個重大工程和兩個重要文件。
通過這樣的明確界定,我們將目光集中在「政策過程」、「精英」、「共識」幾個顯而易見的概念上,問題也就水落石出了。同時,問題清楚了,我們在篩選信息和資料時也就有了明確的標准,在這個「信息冗餘」的時代,能夠大大提高研究效率。
二、 如何做文獻綜述 首先需要將「文獻綜述( Literature Review) 」與「背景描述 (Backupground Description) 」區分開來。我們在選擇研究問題的時候,需要了解該問題產生的背景和來龍去脈,如「中國半導體產業的發展歷程」、「國外 *** 發展半導體產業的政策和問題」等等,這些內容屬於「背景描述」,關注的是現實層面的問題,嚴格講不是「文獻綜述」,關注的是現實層面問題,嚴格講不是「文獻綜述」。
「文獻綜述」是對學術觀點和理論方法的整理。其次,文獻綜述是評論性的( Review 就是「評論」的意思),因此要帶著作者本人批判的眼光 (critical thinking) 來歸納和評論文獻,而不僅僅是相關領域學術研究的「堆砌」。
評論的主線,要按照問題展開,也就是說,別的學者是如何看待和解決你提出的問題的,他們的方法和理論是否有什麼缺陷?要是別的學者已經很完美地解決了你提出的問題,那就沒有重復研究的必要了。 簡歷 清楚了文獻綜述的意涵,現來說說怎麼做文獻綜述。
雖說,盡可能廣泛地收集資料是負責任的研究態度,但如果缺乏標准,就極易將人引入文獻的泥沼。 技巧一:瞄準主流。
主流文獻,如該領域的核心期刊、經典著作、專職部門的研究報告、重要化合物的觀點和論述等,是做文獻綜述的「必修課」。而多數大眾媒體上的相關報道或言論,雖然多少有點價值,但時間精力所限,可以從簡。
怎樣摸清該領域的主流呢?建議從以下幾條途徑入手:一是圖書館的中外學術期刊,找到一兩篇「經典」的文章後「順藤摸瓜」,留意它們的參考文獻。
論文的開題報告怎麼寫啊?
開題報告主要包括以下幾個方面: (一)論文名稱 論文名稱就是課題的名字 第一,名稱要准確、規范。
准確就是論文的名稱要把論文研究的問題是什麼,研究的對象是什麼交待清楚,論文的名稱一定要和研究的內容相一致,不能太大,也不能太小,要准確地把你研究的對象、問題概括出來。 第二,名稱要簡潔,不能太長。
不管是論文或者課題,名稱都不能太長,能不要的字就盡量不要,一般不要超過20個字。 (二) 論文研究的目的、意義 研究的目的、意義也就是為什麼要研究、研究它有什麼價值。
這一般可以先從現實需要方面去論述,指出現實當中存在這個問題,需要去研究,去解決,本論文的研究有什麼實際作用,然後,再寫論文的理論和學術價值。這些都要寫得具體一點,有針對性一點,不能漫無邊際地空喊口號。
主要內容包括:⑴ 研究的有關背景(課題的提出): 即根據什麼、受什麼啟發而搞這項研究。 ⑵ 通過分析本地(校) 的教育教學實際,指出為什麼要研究該課題,研究的價值,要解決的問題。
(三) 本論文國內外研究的歷史和現狀(文獻綜述)。 規范些應該有,如果是小課題可以省略。
一般包括:掌握其研究的廣度、深度、已取得的成果;尋找有待進一步研究的問題,從而確定本課題研究的平台(起點)、研究的特色或突破點。 (四)論文研究的指導思想 指導思想就是在宏觀上應堅持什麼方向,符合什麼要求等,這個方向或要求可以是哲學、政治理論,也可以是 *** 的教育發展規劃,也可以是有關研究問題的指導性意見等。
(五) 論文寫作的目標 論文寫作的目標也就是課題最後要達到的具體目的,要解決哪些具體問題,也就是本論文研究要達到的預定目標:即本論文寫作的目標定位,確定目標時要緊扣課題,用詞要准確、精練、明了。 常見存在問題是:不寫研究目標;目標扣題不緊;目標用詞不準確; 目標定得過高, 對預定的目標沒有進行研究或無法進行研究。
確定論文寫作目標時,一方面要考慮課題本身的要求,另一方面要考率實際的工作條件與工作水平。 (六)論文的基本內容 研究內容要更具體、明確。
並且一個目標可能要通過幾方面的研究內容來實現,他們不一定是一一對應的關系。大家在確定研究內容的時候,往往考慮的不是很具體,寫出來的研究內容特別籠統、模糊,把寫作的目的、意義當作研究內容。
基本內容一般包括:⑴對論文名稱的界說。應盡可能明確三點:研究的對象、研究的問題、研究的方法。
⑵本論文寫作有關的理論、名詞、術語、概念的界說。 (七)論文寫作的方法 具體的寫作方法可從下面選定: 觀察法、調查法、實驗法、經驗總結法、 個案法、比較研究法、文獻資料法等。
(八)論文寫作的步驟 論文寫作的步驟,也就是論文寫作在時間和順序上的安排。論文寫作的步驟要充分考慮研究內容的相互關系和難易程度,一般情況下,都是從基礎問題開始,分階段進行,每個階段從什麼時間開始,至什麼時間結束都要有規定。
課題研究的主要步驟和時間安排包括:整個研究擬分為哪幾個階段;各階段的起止時間。
畢業論文開題報告怎樣寫?範文!
一、如何選擇問題 我一起縈繞於懷的,是在寫博士論文開題報告的一年多時間里,導師薛瀾教授反復追問的一個問題:「你的 puzzle 是什麼?」多少次我不假思索地回答「我的問題就是,中國的半導體產業為什麼發展不起來。」
薛老師問題以其特有的儲蓄,笑而不答。我在心中既惱火又懊喪:這么簡單的道理,這么明顯的答案,到底哪兒不對了?!奧妙就在於提出問題的「層次」。
不同於政策研究報告,學術文章聚集理論層面、解決理論問題。理論是由一系列前設和術語構造的邏輯體系。
特定領域的理論有其特定的概念、范疇和研究範式。只有在相同的概念、視角和範式下,理論才能夠對話;只有通過對話,理論才能夠發展。
極少有碩博論文是創造新理論的,能這樣當然最好,但難度很大。我們多數是在既有理論的基礎上加以發展,因此,在提出問題時,要以「內行」看得懂的術語和明確的邏輯來表述。
審視我最初提出的問題「中國半導體產業為什麼發展不起來」,這僅僅是對現象的探詢,而非有待求證的理論命題。我的理論命題是:「中國產業政策過程是精英主導的共識過程嗎?」在這個命題中,「政策過程」、「精英政治」、「共識訴求」三個術語勾勒出研究的理論大體范圍和視角。
其次,選擇問題是一個「剝筍」的過程。理論問題總是深深地隱藏在紛繁復雜的現實背後,而發現理論問題,則需要運用理論思維的能力。
理論思維的訓練是一個長期積累的過程。不過初學者也不必望而卻步,大體上可以分「三步走」:第一步,先劃定一個「興趣范圍」,如半導體產業、信息產業、農村醫療、高等教育體制等,廣泛瀏覽相關的媒體報道、 *** 文獻和學術文章,找到其中的「症結」或「熱點」。
第二步,總結以往的研究者大體從哪些理論視角來分析「症結」或「熱點」、運用了哪些理論工具,如公共財政的視角、社會沖突範式等。第三步,考察問題的可研究性,也就是我們自己的研究空間和研究的可行性。
例如,西方的理論是否無法解釋中國的問題?或者同一個問題能否用不同的理論來解釋?或者理論本身的前提假設、邏輯推演是否存在缺陷?通過回答這些問題,我們找到自己研究的立足點。不過還要注意我們研究在規定的一到兩年時間內,是否可能完成?資料獲取是否可行?等等。
最後,如何陳述問題?陳述問題實質上就是凝練核心觀點的過程。觀點應當來自對現實問題的思考和總結,而不是為了套理論而「削足適履」。
中國的政治、經濟和社會發展充滿動態的、豐富的景象,如何才能用恰當的術語、准確的邏輯表述出來呢?雄心勃勃的初學者往往提出宏偉的概念或框架,但我的建議是盡可能縮小研究范圍、明確研究對象,從而理清對象的內存邏輯,保證能在有限的時間內完成規范的學 術論文。如「中國半導體產業政策研究」就是一個非常含糊的陳述,我們可以從幾個方面來收縮話題:( 1 )時間:從 1980 年到 2000 年;( 2 )對象: *** 的叛亂者和決策行為,而不是市場、企業、治理結構等;( 3 )視角:政治和 *** 理論中的精英研究;( 4 )案例: 908 工程、 909 工程、 13 號文件和《電子振興》,這是發生在 1980 - 2000 年間半導體政策領域的兩個重大工程和兩個重要文件。
通過這樣的明確界定,我們將目光集中在「政策過程」、「精英」、「共識」幾個顯而易見的概念上,問題也就水落石出了。同時,問題清楚了,我們在篩選信息和資料時也就有了明確的標准,在這個「信息冗餘」的時代,能夠大大提高研究效率。
二、 如何做文獻綜述 首先需要將「文獻綜述( Literature Review) 」與「背景描述 (Backupground Description) 」區分開來。我們在選擇研究問題的時候,需要了解該問題產生的背景和來龍去脈,如「中國半導體產業的發展歷程」、「國外 *** 發展半導體產業的政策和問題」等等,這些內容屬於「背景描述」,關注的是現實層面的問題,嚴格講不是「文獻綜述」,關注的是現實層面問題,嚴格講不是「文獻綜述」。
「文獻綜述」是對學術觀點和理論方法的整理。其次,文獻綜述是評論性的( Review 就是「評論」的意思),因此要帶著作者本人批判的眼光 (critical thinking) 來歸納和評論文獻,而不僅僅是相關領域學術研究的「堆砌」。
評論的主線,要按照問題展開,也就是說,別的學者是如何看待和解決你提出的問題的,他們的方法和理論是否有什麼缺陷?要是別的學者已經很完美地解決了你提出的問題,那就沒有重復研究的必要了。清楚了文獻綜述的意涵,現來說說怎麼做文獻綜述。
雖說,盡可能廣泛地收集資料是負責任的研究態度,但如果缺乏標准,就極易將人引入文獻的泥沼。技巧一:瞄準主流。
主流文獻,如該領域的核心期刊、經典著作、專職部門的研究報告、重要化合物的觀點和論述等,是做文獻綜述的「必修課」。而多數大眾媒體上的相關報道或言論,雖然多少有點價值,但時間精力所限,可以從簡。
怎樣摸清該領域的主流呢?建議從以下幾條途徑入手:一是圖書館的中外學術期刊,找到一兩篇「經典」的文章後「順藤摸瓜」,留意它們的參考文獻。質量較高的學術文章,通常是不會忽略該領域的主流、經典。
Ⅶ 翻譯碩士怎麼寫開題報告
翻譯碩士怎麼寫開題報告
開題報告主要說明這個課題應該進行研究,自己有條件進行研究以及准備如何開展研究等問題,也可以說是對課題的論證和設計。開題報告是提高選題質量和水平的重要環節。以下是我整理的翻譯碩士怎麼寫開題報告,歡迎閱讀。
1、選題意義和背景。
隨著中國加入世界貿易組織,中國企業的對外聯系也日益增多。中國企業要想打入國際市場,提高在國際市場上的知名度,企業網站或宣傳冊上的企業簡介扮演著十分重要的地位。通過閱讀企業宣傳資料,讀者可以看出企業外宣材料既有關於企業的基本信息介紹,也有企業所做的文字上、句法上、結構上的這染來達到推廣企業、大市場的目的。漢語企業外宣材料的翻譯在英譯過程中會涉及到與目的語不同的語言習慣、行文方式以及文化因素、社會政治因素、心理因素和審美因素等,這就需要譯者對原文本做出適當調整,從內容和形式上對語篇進行重構,以此實現對交際意圖的順應。根據賴斯的文本類型說,本文有三種類型,分別是「信息型」、「表達型」和「誘導型」.筆者認為,企業外宣翻譯屬於「信息型」和「誘導型」文本兼而有之,而且更側重於「誘導型」.因此,外宣翻譯要更加註重文本的交際功能,要更多的考慮如何使譯文所傳遞的信息更便於目的語讀者理解和接受,並讓讀者產生共鳴,繼而付諸行動,實現譯文預期的功能。
比利時語用學家維索爾倫(Verschuem)提出了順應論,將語言的使用過程看做語言為順應不同的交際目的和交際對象進行動態選擇的過程。因而可以從順應論的視角研究語言使用。翻譯作為一種特殊的交際方式,也可以從順應論的視角對其進行研究。優秀的企業宣傳材料不僅會提高企業的知名度,還會為企業帶來不可估量的經濟效益,因此任何一個想打入國際市場的企業務必在其外宣材料的翻譯上做足功夫。由於中西方文化背景、歷史淵源、生活環境的不同,譯者在翻譯企業外宣材料時為了獲取目的語讀者的認可並激發他們付諸行動,就要順應目的語讀者的閱讀習慣、審美習慣以及心理因素、文化因素等對原文做出形式上和內容上的調整,而這一順應的過程也是語篇重構的過程。本文突破性的將順應論與語篇重構結合起來,並結合西麥克展覽公司宣傳材料和海天調味食品股份有限公司宣傳材料及其翻譯,試圖從順應論的視角分析企業外宣翻譯中的語篇重構現象。
2、論文綜述/研究基礎。
1987年維索爾倫(Verschueren)提出順應論之後,在語用學界引起了很大反響,不久國內學者就將其引進到中國來。國內學者不僅從理論層面對順應論進行研究和探索,而且將順應論應用到翻譯理論和實踐、外語教學、二語習得、文化傳播等領域。在這些領域中,成果最大的當屬順應論對翻譯理論和其應用的研究。我國真正將順應論引入翻譯研究開始於21世紀初。
1 國外順應論研究狀況。
比利時語用學家維索爾倫(Verschueren)在《IprA工作文集》(IprA WorkingDocument 1) (1987, 45-48)中發表了一篇名為《作為順應論的語用學》,標志著順應論的提出。1995年,他較為詳細並系統地在他主編出版的第一本《語用學手冊》(handbook of Pragmatics)中對順應論進行了進一步闡述。他認為,語言的使用過程就是語言為順應不同的交際目的和交際對象進行動態地選擇的過程。他將語用學描述為關於語言整體的、功能性綜觀,並將語用學定義為語言和交際在認知、社會與文化方面的研究。1998年,阿薩卡瑟(AsaKasher)主編的《語用學的關鍵概念》Pragmatics;: Critical Concepts)論文集中,維索爾倫發表了一篇名為《交際動態過程的語用模式》(v4 Pragmatic model for the dynamatics of communication )的文章,主要研究了順應論中順應的動態性。1999年,在他的專著《語用學新解》(Understaning Pragmatics)中,維索爾倫強調了語用學的地位和作用,這本書的出現標志著順應論走向成熟。該書主張把語用學當作一種研究視角,突破了以往學者將語用學看作語言學的一個核心分支(語音學、音位學、形態學、句法學、語義學)的看法,而認為語用學是一種語言功能的視角或縱觀,貫穿於語言學研究和使用的方方面面,可以照應到語言的各個層次。運用這一視角,可以研究不同的語言材料。這是一種研究方法上的革命,可以為語言的不同層面進行語用分析,也為語用學的學科性質進行了重新定位。
2 國內順應論研究狀況。
錢冠連是國內第一位將順應論引入中國進行研究的學者。在他發表在《外語教學與研究》上的《語用學:語言適應理論----Verschueren語用學新論評述》(1991,62-66)的文章中,將維索爾倫對語言適應包括五個方面,即適應的對象、層次、階段、領悟程度和適應策略進行了分析,並且就語言適應、選擇和語言功能綜觀三者的關系進行了探討,認真分析對比了維索爾倫的語用學新論和以往的語用學的區別。他還在《外語教學與研究》上發表了一篇《語用學:統一連貫的理論框架J.Verschueren〈如何理解語用學〉述評》(2000,230-232),該文章首先解釋了語用學綜觀論的理論源頭。維索爾倫從Morris的理論中得出了任何規則里都有語用成分,也能從不同的語言成分中審視到語用視角。其建設性意義體現在將語用學從語言學的並列學科出分割出來,使其不再屬於語言資源的語言學,而是加入到語言使用的語言學去,作為是一種語言綜觀和視角來研究和使用,這不僅僅可以解決語用學問題,還為今後人們從語用學角度解釋其他問題提供了一種新的視角。
國內除錢冠連外,2007年何自然主編的《語用三論:關聯論順應論模因論》一書也對維索爾倫的順應論進行了詳細介紹和評述。和以往語言學及語用學著作不同的是,該書緊緊把握住語用學研究與發展的方向,集語用學的三個前沿理論(關聯論、順應論、模因論)為一體來向國內讀者進行西方翻譯理論的介紹。
關於順應論的部分,該書介紹了順應論的理論來源、順應論的三個核心概念、順應論的視角觀、順應論的分析維度、順應論的應用等。本書中理論與實例有效結合,為讀者展現了順應論的完整框架及其應用。該書指出,順應論是宏觀語用學的核心,順應論為我們提供了一個研究和探討語用學的全新視角。譚曉晨發表在《外語與外語教學》上的《語境的動態研究一--維索爾倫的語境適應論評介》(2000, 50-52)中介紹了維索爾倫的語境適應論,探討了語言和語境互為構建的動態關系,指出動態生成的語境觀是對傳統語境研究及時而必要的補充。孫炬發表在《山東大學學報》上的《維索爾倫順應論的語言哲學觀》(2007,51-55)從語言哲學的立場闡釋了維索爾倫的順應論。語言的使用是哲學立場的反映,縱觀維索爾倫的語用思想,折射出體現在意義觀、心理認知觀和語境觀三個方面的語言哲學。此外,劉正光、吳志高從哲學、心理學以及語言學的角度論述了順應論的理論基礎,除了對語言順應論做出肯定,他們還指出「將『順應』看成一把萬能的朗匙,以解釋所有的語言運用,有運用過度之嫌」(李元勝,2007:124)。
中國學者不僅專門對順應論進行研究,還將其與其他理論結合或者將順應論應用到不同的領域。在利用順應論對其他問題進行研究的過程中,順應論對翻譯的研究占據多數。
從理論研究的角度來看,有的學者側重於順應論對翻譯理論研究的啟示,戈玲玲在發表在《外語學刊》上的《順應論對翻譯研究的啟示----兼論語用翻譯標准》(2000,7-11) -文中,為我們展現了語用翻譯理論的發展歷程,它超越了以往語言學研究的框架,將翻譯看作是一種動態的信息交流活動。文章還指出,根據順應論,語言和語境之間的順應是一個相互的過程,兩者可以相互影響,同樣,翻譯作為語言轉換的過程,也會涉及到原語和目的語之間的相互順應,這種順應應該以滿了交際雙方的需要為目的,對交際語境、語言的選擇和語言結構做出改變。
有的學者從順應論的角度分析翻譯策略和方法,王建國發表於《外語研究》上的《從語用順應論的角度看翻譯策略與方法》(2005,55-59) -文中,針對國內外翻譯界對翻譯方法和翻譯策略的爭論,他指出直譯、意譯、歸化、異化只是翻譯方法,而不是翻譯策略,動態順應才是翻譯策略。同時,他還指出翻譯的過程和結果是動態順應的過程和結果。
順應論在與翻譯結合的過程中,學者們除了從翻譯理論研究的角度分析和闡釋順應論對翻譯研究的意義外,還將順應論應用到具體的翻譯實踐中去,比如文學作品譯作分析、應用文本譯作分析,同時還有學者將順應論與語用策略研究、外語教學研究、跨文化交際等方面聯系起來。
葉苗在其著作《應用翻譯語用觀》COn Pragmatics Translation from theperspective of Pragmatics)中,首先對應用翻譯進行了定位,然後從語用學的角度研究應用翻譯。同時她主張以順應論為基礎來討論和解釋異化,並以《選美中國》為例,結合應用翻譯中「異化」和「歸化」之爭,提出了在對具有中國文化特色的應用文本翻譯時,譯者可以採取異化策略,擔負起傳播中國文化的使命,擴大目的語讀者的'文化語境、認知語境,激發他們對中國文化和傳統的興趣和探索,增強我國軟實力。
縱觀國內順應論的研究現狀以及順應論與翻譯結合的研究現狀,可以看出在順應論對翻譯的結合方面,研究者幾乎都是從文學翻譯、應用文翻譯的角度進行研究,而且很多研究還是局限於維索爾倫順應論的推介和重申,缺乏創新點,並且對理論的適用范圍沒有做出明確規定,導致了順應論在很多領域的誤用和濫用。
3、參考文獻。
Reiss, Katharina. Translation Criticism, The Potential &上海外語教育出版社,2004.
Verschueren, Jef. Understanding Pragmatics. Beijing: Foreign LanguageTeaching and Research Press. 2000.
戈玲玲。《順應論對翻譯研究的啟示--兼論語用翻譯標准》[J].黑龍江,外語學刊。2002 (3) :7-11.
公海燕《順應論視角下廣告翻譯研究》。2012.
何自然。Pragmatics and CE/EC Translation [J].北京『外語教學。1992 (1) ; 19-25.
何自然。《語用三論:關聯論順應論模因論》M.上海,上海教育出版社。2007.
何自然,冉永平。《語用學概論》[M].長沙,湖南教育出版社。2002.
胡芳毅,賈占波。《外宣翻譯:意識形態操縱下的改寫》[J] ?上海,上海翻譯。2010⑴:23-28.
蔣澄生,廖定中。《語用學需要「順應」潮流--順應論的幾個關鍵概念述評》[J].廣州,廣東工業大學學報。2005 (1) : 68-71.
賈文波。《應用翻譯功能論(第二版)》[M].北京,中國出版集團公司。2012.
李明。《商務英語翻譯(漢譯英)》[M]?北京,高等教育出版社。2007.
李元勝《順應論在中國的研究綜述》[J].成都,成都大學學報 2007⑶:123-126.
劉恩祥,劉穎,李哲。《論語言順應的動態性一基於廣告語言的分析》[J].佛山,佛山科學技術學院學報(社會科學版)》。2011 (1) :70-73.
盧立程《企業對外宣傳材料翻譯中的語篇重構》[J].肇慶,肇慶學院學報。2007⑶:53-56.
錢冠連。《語用學:統一連貫的理論框架--J. Verschueren〈如何理解語用學〉述評》[J].北京,外語教學與研究。2000(3) :230-232.
錢冠連。《語用學:語言適應理論一「Verschueren語用學新論評述》[J] ?北京,外語教學與研究。1991(1):61-66.
孫炬。《維索爾倫順應論的語言哲學觀》[J].濟南,山東大學學報(哲學社會科學版)。2007 (6) :51-55.
潭曉晨。《語境的動態研究-維索爾倫的語境適應論評介》[J].北京,外語與外語教學。2002 (6):50-52.
王建國。《從語用順應論的角度看翻譯策略與方法》[J].南京,外語研究。2005(4) :55-59.
葉麗萍《順應論在企業簡介漢英翻譯中的應用》。2012,葉苗。《應用翻譯語用觀研究》M.上海,上海交通大學出版社。2009.
張運橋,嚴敏芬。《語用三觀:關聯論、順應論、模因論評介》[J].廣州,外語藝術教育研究。2009(3) :36-38.
4、論文提綱。
1 引言
2 文獻綜述
2.1國外順應論研究狀況
2.2國內順應論研究狀況
3 順應論簡介
3.1順應論的三個核心概念
3.1.1 變異
3.1.2商討性
3.1.3 順應
3.2順應論的兩個分析維度
3.2.1語境因素的順應
3.2.2語言結構順應
3.3順應論在翻譯中的應用
4 從順應論的視角看企業外宣翻譯中的語篇重構
4.1企業外宣翻譯的文本和語言特點
4.2語篇重構的概念
4.3從順應論的視角看形式的語篇重構
4.3.1語篇銜接和連貫方式與形式的語篇重構
4.3.2語言風格與形式的語篇重構
4.4從順應論的視角看內容的語篇重構
4.4.1心理世界與內容的語篇重構
4.4.2文化現象與內容的語篇重構
4.4.3社會規范和政治制度與內容的語篇重構
5 結論
5、論文的理論依據、研究方法、研究內容。
本論文選取了兩篇企業外宣材料,分別是《西麥克展覽公司簡介》和《海天味業網站宣傳資料》,並由本人對其進行翻譯。根據翻譯過程中出現的問題,並結合順應論的相關分析維度和語篇重構的兩大類型,分析譯者為順應目的語讀者的語言習慣、文化背景、社會規約和心理因素等所做出的調整。
6、研究條件和可能存在的問題。
本文以順應論為基礎,結合語篇重構的概念,分析了西麥克展覽公司宣傳材料和海天調味食品股份有限公司宣傳材料英譯過程中的語篇重構現象。企業外宣材料不僅僅涉及到基本信息傳達,而且涉及到企業文化、價值觀念、影晌力的傳遞。因此企業外宣翻譯不是簡單機械地表達和傳遞信息,還要從目的語讀者的角度對原文作出調整,使目的語讀者在閱讀外宣材料時被其所傳遞的企業信息所吸引,繼而激發他們採取行動。因此,譯者為了符合目的語讀者的閱讀習慣、審美習慣、思維方式、文化背景要對原文進行內容上和形式上的語篇重構。包括語篇銜接與連貫方式的順應、語言風格的順應、心理世界的順應、文化現象的順應以及社會規范和政治制度的順應。同時譯者為了達到以上這些順應的目的,選擇順應的過程中也包含了對原文從詞語、句子結構、篇章銜接以及內容上進行重構。
對於企業的外宣翻譯,只有設身處地地從目的語讀者的角度去思考和翻譯,巧妙地對原文進行語篇重構來順應目的語讀者的語言和文化,才能激發讀者付諸行動,為企業的形象宣傳和經濟發展帶來實實在在的好處。
7、預期的結果。
企業外宣翻譯要通過對原文進行語篇重構來順應目的語社會的語言語境、心理世界、社交世界、文化世界等,才能更好地實現外宣翻譯的交際功能,達到良好外宣效果。
;Ⅷ 英語專業(翻譯小說)的開題報告里邊的選文背景和選文意義怎麼寫呀從哪些方面呢
英語畢業論文開題報告本科一般一000-二000字吧,研究生多點。字數不是關鍵,主要是內容,當時我寫了幾次都沒過,還是學長給介紹的莫文中國,高手就是不一般,一次性就通過了 經貿英語語篇翻譯策略探析 旅遊景點英語翻譯中的跨文化意識探析 跨文化交際中的新聞英語翻譯實踐探討 從功能角度研究商務英語翻譯的原則和策略 大兄培鍵學英語翻譯教學存在的問題及對策 淺談科技英語翻譯中的常見錯誤及應對技巧 論國際商務英語翻譯的多元化標准 英語翻譯中筆譯要點分析 優先出版 大學英語翻譯教學的問題與對策研究 文化視角下的旅遊英語翻譯 科技英語翻譯的省譯 商務英語翻譯教學的探索與思考 國際科技交流中科技英語翻譯存在的問題及技巧探析 語義翻譯和交際翻譯觀下科技英語翻譯研究 影響法律英語翻譯的因素 商務英語翻譯的文化適應性問題探析 國際商務英語翻譯中的文化信息等值研究 構建任務型商務英語翻譯課程教學的研究 旅遊英語翻譯與本土文化對接的思考 項目依託式EAP教學實踐研究——以《科技英語翻譯》教學為例 高中階段英語翻譯教學現狀的調查研究 國際貿易中商務英語翻譯的文化差異及應對策略 框架語義學視角下的英漢科技翻譯研究 基於功能翻譯理中局論的高職院校土木工程專業英語翻譯與教學研究 中國職業男子籃球俱樂部體育英語翻譯羨巧現狀調查和改善對策研究 康巴藏區旅遊英語翻譯現狀調查研究 商務英語翻譯中文化意象的傳遞 高職英語專業英語翻譯課教改初探 探討中西文化差異對英語翻譯的影響 論文化轉向對商務英語翻譯的啟示 非英語專業碩士研究生科技英語翻譯能力分析 航海英語翻譯若干問題 商務英語翻譯教材建構模式探微 國內英語翻譯現狀分析及產業化思考 從建構主義觀點談商務英語翻譯教
Ⅸ 英語翻譯論文論文開題報告怎麼寫
開題報告,老師一般會給模板,還要看你題目槐銷是什麼。這是我的開題報告,你參考一下吧。
課題名稱
An Analysis of the Different Cultural Connotations of Color Words between English and Chinese
試析顏色詞的中英文化內涵差異
課題來源
Self-Selected and Approved by the Tutor
一、課題背敏納景及意義 (課題的立題依據及研究意義)
Research Background:
A language not only expresses facts, ideas, or events which represent similar world knowledge by its people, but also reflects the people』橋明沒s attitudes, beliefs, and world outlooks etc. People of different cultures structure the world around them differently, at least in the language they use to describe that world. Languages differ enormously from one another, and these differences are related to important differences in the customs and behaviors and other aspects of the cultures in which those language reside. In a word, language is a mirror of culture.
When we learn a new word we tend to look for its meaning in the word itself. Yet in addition to its dictionary meanings, the same word may stir up different associations in people, because of cultural differences. In our daily life, color words are the common illustrations of the cultural differences in language use. In Chinese and English cultures, color words are in the same way influenced by cultures, and used widely in people』s daily life.
Research Significance:
As the differences between Eastern and Western cultures led to the understanding of the color words are not the same . Color words contain a lot of deep meaning, implies a different ethnic feelings. If we do not take into account the impact of cultural differences, we are difficult to understand the implicit meaning of color words. The significance of this thesis is to enable a better understanding of color words, in order to enhance communication skills, avoid conflict of cultures.
二、課題研究現狀及發展趨勢 (課題研究領域的發展現狀及可能的發展方向)
Research Status:
Study of color words has long attracted linguists』 attention. The bright lights of the objective world and for humankind as a whole are the same, but the national language or in different books of different ages or different geographical dialects often be found to have different understanding about color words. This concentrated and fully prove that language is the result of human cognition to understand and express the objective world, different groups of people in cognitive understanding and expression of the world, e to the different natural environment, social life, cultural traditions. Study of color words in different languages between the similarities and differences. The same object can look at how the differences in cognitive terms showing similarities and differences between how the social and cultural differences and further expansion of the semantic differences, which for the cognitive linguistics, comparative linguistics and culture, linguistics, and on second language teaching of applied linguistics has an important significance..
Research Tendency:
21st century』s color words study should stress the originality on research based on the achievements of the previous scholars, domestic or abroad. The study should keep track of the latest development of color words, making breakthrough, upgrading the research quality.
三、研究內容及研究目標 (對研究的內容進行說明,並闡明要達到的目標)
Research Contents:
A. Cultural Connotations of Black and Reflections in Idioms
1.Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
1.1 Black Is Associated With the Solemn and the Dignified
1.2 Black Is Associated With Profit
1.3 Black Is Associated With the Black People
2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
2.1 Black Is Associated With the Death
2.2 Black Is Associated With the Evil and Unfortunate
2.3 Black Is Associated With the Shame and Disgraceful
2.4 Black Is Associated With Anger
B. Cultural Connotations of White and Reflections in Idioms
1. Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
1.1 White Is Associated With the Pure and Lucky
1.2 White Is Associated With Integrity and Honesty
2. Negative Connotations and Reflections in Idioms
2.1 White Is Associated With Death and Poor
2.2 White Is Associated With Worthless and Timid
C. Cultural Connotations of Red and Reflections in Idioms
1. Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
1.1 Red Is Associated With Honor and Love
2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
2.1 Red is Associated with the Obscenity
2.2 Red Is Associated With Revolution and Socialism.
2.3 Red Is Associated With Danger and Loss
D. Cultural Connotations of Yellow and Reflections in Idioms
1.Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
1.1 Yellow Is Associated With the Noble
1.2 Yellow Is Associated With the Joy and Missing
2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms
2.1 Yellow Is Associated With the Vulgar and Exaggerative
2.2 Yellow Is Associated With the Coward and Disease
Research Objectives:
I write this thesis in order to make English learners have a better understanding of the cultural meaning of color words and enhance communication skills, avoid conflict in Western culture.
四、預計的研究難點 (課題研究過程中可能遇到的理論難題或技術難點)
With the changing society, people have a view of things may have diametrically opposite point of view, how is the color of the word has become more authoritative to be a problem; how to get people to attach importance to the implied meaning of color words which may lead to cultural conflict is also a problem. As the color words in real life, the widely used, it is difficult in a paper summarizing, so how to form the color words of the formation of an effective system is a difficult. Possible problems also contain: (1) Limited availability of helpful data, especially the books or articles written by the native scholars; (2) Difficulty in the presentation of insightful ideas and the attainment in originality e to lack of the knowledge related.
五、創新點 (選題、觀點、理論、材料、方法等創新點)
The English language is developing constantly, keeping absorbing more color words. What is new in my thesis is that I try to focus my study on color words in modern English, making the research keep pace with the times, with the latest development in loanwords.
六、進度計劃 (根據研究內容及研究目標所預計的進度安排)
1. Nov.16th - Nov.22nd , 2008 Subject selecting & topic narrowing
2. Nov.23rd - Dec.20th , 2008 Data gathering
3. Dec.21st - Jan.10th , 2009 Opening report & detailed outline
4. Jan.11th - Feb.8th, 2009 Literature review
5. Feb.9th - Mar.14th, 2009 First draft
6. Mar.15th - Apr.10th, 2009 Second draft
7. Apr.11th - Apr.20th, 2009 Final version
8. Apr.27th - May 14th, 2009 Printing
9. May 17th - May 25th, 2009 Thesis debate
七、資料來源 (指能夠支持「課題背景」、「課題研究現狀及發展趨勢」所論述內容的主要文獻資料)
[1] Baugh, A.C. & Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language [M]. Peking: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2001.
[2] Eckersley, C.E. Brighter English [M]. London: Longman, 1979.
[3] Gill, R. Mastering English Literature [M]. London: Mac Millan Ecation, 1985.
[4] Hornby, A.S. Oxford Advanced Learner』s Dictionary of Current English [Z]. London: Oxford University, 1974.
[5] Knowles, G. A Cultural History of the English Language [M]. U.S.A.: A Hodder Arnold Publication, 1997.
[6] Lott, B. A Course in English Language and Literature [M]. U.S.A.: Edward Arnold, 1989.
[7] Lyons, J. Language and Linguistics [M]. London: Longman, 1981.
[8] Wales, K. Northern English: A Social and Cultural History [M]. London: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
[9] Wu Weizen. History and Anthology of English Literature [M]. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2001.
[10] Yang Yanhua & Zhang Shufan. Modern English Lexicology [M]. Peking: Metallurgical Instry Press, 2007.
[11] 陳永燁.「英漢顏色詞所表現的中西文化差異」 [J].《遼寧工程技術大學學報》,2005,(7).
[12] 戴煒棟,何兆熊.《新編簡明英語語言學教程》[A].上海:上海外語出版社,2002.
[13] 鄧炎昌,劉潤清.《語言與文化》[M].北京:外語教學與研究出版社,1991.
[14] 蔣棟元.「論顏色及顏色詞的文化差異」 [J]. 《四川外語學院學報》,2002,(3).
[15] 唐振華.「英漢顏色詞的翻譯」 [J].《中國科技翻譯》,1997,(2).
指導教師意見:(對課題的認可意見)
指導教師
年 月 日
系(教研室)審查意見:
系(教研室)主任:
年 月 日
Ⅹ 英語專業翻譯方向論文開題報告
英語專業翻譯方向論文開題報告範文
以下是由我整理的.英語專業翻譯方向論文的開題報告範文,賀巧供大家正拍桐參舉坦考!
How to Deal with Ellipsis in English-Chinese Translation
I. Purpose and Significance
With the development of globalization, the world’s political, economic and cultural communications are becoming increasingly frequent. Therefore, the role of translation cannot be ignored. However, the differences between English and Chinese cultures that are reflected in the two languages pose considerable difficulty.
It is acknowledged that when doing translation one can not translate word for word, or sentence by sentence. Therefore, we must use some translation strategies such as amplification, ellipsis, conversion and so on. Ellipsis as one of the basic translation methods plays an essential role in English-Chinese rendition. Translators apply it in order to make their versions more coherent and understandable.
According to the Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary, ellipsis means leaving out a word or words from a sentence deliberately, when the meaning can be understood without them. Ellipsis in translation does not mean cutting some content from the original articles. What could be omitted are words that are useless in translated works or else they will make the versions rendant or disobey the manner of expression in another language.
Some words and phrases are useless in Chinese but necessary in English. Articles in English are the most significant phenomenon from this aspect. They are very important in English, but we can hardly see any reflection of this part in Chinese. Ellipsis is designed on the basis of faithfulness to the original text, making it more fluent, smooth, concise, thus conforming to idiomatic Chinese. The paper will explore ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from five aspects, which are ellipses of pronouns, conjunctions, articles, prepositions, modifications, so as to achieve smoother and clearer communications among China and English-speaking countries.
II. Literature Review
Long before, some people began to learn other countries’ languages to understand others cultures. In China, Xuanzang was the first translator who not only translated the Sanskrit sutras into Chinese, but introced the first Chinese writings to foreign countries, making foreigners understand China’s ancient culture. Meanwhile, he was the first to translate Lao Tse's works into Sanskrit. Indian scholars had a high opinion of Xuanzang, "In China, there is no such great translator, and also in the human cultural history, we can only say that Xuanzang is the first great translator."(Ye Lang, 2008) We can say that it was Xuanzang who motivated people to know the different parts of the world, their cultures and the peoples who live there. Then, some big countries such as America, China, and so on became a melting pot.(Gu Zhengkun, 2000) People have imperceptibly spent thousands of years in knowing each other.
With China’s entry into WTO and its open-up policy, cross-cultural exchanges are increasingly frequent between this country and others. A lot of foreign tourists come to visit China. While traveling, these foreigners are not satisfied with the translations of the scenic spots. Sometimes, they even feel confused. A lot of problems exist in the translation, such as misuse of words, poor expression of meaning and so on. All of these poor translations do harm to our country’s international image, and cause a lot of inconveniences for the foreign visitors. (Ma Zuyi, 2000). I am fond of tourism and being a free tourist like the others who are good at enjoying their wonderful lives. The love of tourism makes me feel the need to improve the translation. But every time when I have a trip, many unsuitable translations of the names of those scenic spots will embarrass me. Tourism is part of intercultural communication, so proper translation of the scenic spots become more and more important to our country.
Communication plays a significant role in the globalized society. In order to know each other better, people from all over the world have tried a verity of ways. Of course, translation is one of them. All translators have done their best to make the translated works more consistent with the needs of people.(Gu Jinming, 1997) From my perspective, they really have done a great job. And I want to retrospect the cause of their development. After a thorough evaluation, I choose a branch of translation—ellipsis in translation from English to Chinese, then I did the following jobs.
I put all my researches and other stuffs together, and then I found that it is a common case in English and Chinese which draws much academic interest. In 1976, Halliday and Hsan classified ellipsis into nominal, verbal and clausal ellipsis. This classification exerts great influence in academic circle. Thereafter, ellipsis in Chinese and English has been studied according to this theory, which is based on different layers of structure. This kind of study underlines differentiations and similarities of ellipsis in Chinese and English.
Another famous theory to explain ellipsis is Economy Principle. Economy Principle was put forward by Chomsky (1991,1993, and 1995) in his Generate Crammer. It maintains that language and linguistic study follow Economy Principle, which means using the least effort to express the most information. This principle just coincides with ellipsis in function.
In this thesis, I think that brevity is the most obvious and common function of ellipsis, especially in daily language. And in both English and Chinese, people advocate brevity. Shakespeare once remarked, “brevity is the soul of wit”, and in Chinese there are numerous idioms like “yan jian yi gai” (meaning compendious). However, apart from the function of brevity, ellipsis embodies other functions which are also pretty common in the two languages but less noticed.(Hua Xianfa,2002)These functions distribute in both English and Chinese unevenly and represent great colorfulness of language. Exploring other functions of ellipsis and searching for functional recreation in translation will be of much benefit to both English to Chinese and Chinese to English translation.
I found that when Chinese authors try to analyse ellipsis in English to Chinese translation, they always initially put articles in the list. They consider that it is a common phenomenon that Chinese always leave out personal articles. While it is obviously different in English that almost every sentence has a subject, we can see articles fluently. That is because when we translate from English to Chinese, personal articles can be omitted, even though sometimes it may appear once, it can also be omitted if necessary. Furthermore, if the objects can be seen obviously, personal articles should also be omitted. However, it never happens in English. From this point, it is not only allowable but also necessary when we translate personal articles which are objects in sentences into Chinese.
In my point of view, the development of society has in some way has deliberately promoted the way of people’s thinking, translation system has become more and more perfect, people from all over the world have enjoyed the convenience. However, we can not neglect that there are still some problems in this field in China, and we have less influential Chinese translators in the world. Therefore, we still have a long way to go in translation.
III. Feasibility Analysis
This academic paper is a feasible project and the reasons are as follows:
1.I have great interests in the way of English-Chinese translation.
2.I have already studied translation methods and have been familiar with the functions and applications of ellipsis .
3.I have collected enough references both Chinese and Western on ellipsis in
translation and do a scrupulous study of the relationship between them.
4.I have a carefully planned schele and have worked out a detailed outline of this thesis.
5.I have acquainted myself with the correct format, a clear and complete structure required by the academic paper, and my adequate English competence will enable me to write in fluent and precise English.
6.My instructor is a qualified translator who is familiar with the subject I havechosen.
IV. Problems of the research and solutions
1. Problems
Despite the references I have collected and read, a thorough study of ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from the point of freely using still needs far more. What’s more, owing to the limited ways of getting references in Xinjiang, I will have to make full use of my present resources. Also, this is the first time I have ever written such a serious academic paper. I am therefore a learner and lack the needed training and experience.
2. Solutions
(1) I shall make full use of my already acquired references which come from books, magazines and the Internet as well.
(2) I shall value my own original thoughts and mainly rely on detailed analysis that I have read from the books which have closely idea with my purpose.
(3) When I have difficulties in the writing process, I shall consult my instructor and seek for help.
V. Necessary conditions
1. Our university and school of foreign languages have provided the basic study and research conditions and facilities, including books and journals in the library and reading rooms.
2. The Internet is another source of information and on the campus we have easy access to the Internet.
3. I have been assigned an instructor to guide me through the whole process of planning and writing.
VI. Outline
I. Introction
A. A Brief Introction of Ellipsis in Translation
B. What Should We Pay Attention to When Dealing with Ellipsis
C. The Reason Why Ellipsis Is So Widely Used in Translation
1. Chinese Expressions Are Much Briefer Than That of English
2. English Grammar Is Wee-Knit and Complete in Sentence Structure
II. The Principles of Ellipsis
A. Omitted Words Must Be Useless And Unnecessary in the Translated Works
B. The Meaning of the Omitted Words Is Implied in the Test
C. Omitted Words Which Are Self-Evident
Ш. The Functions and Applications of Ellipsis
A. The Coherence of the Meaning of Expression
B. The Coincidence of the Manner of Expression
1. Ellipsis of Articles
a. Ellipsis of Definite Articles
b. Ellipsis of Indefinite Articles
2. Ellipsis of Prepositions
3. Ellipsis of Pronouns
a. Ellipsis of Personal and Impersonal Pronouns
b. Ellipsis of Indefinite Pronouns
c. Ellipsis of Relative Pronouns
4. Ellipsis of Conjunctions
a. Ellipsis of Coordinating Conjunctions
b. Ellipsis of Subordinate Conjunctions
5. Ellipsis of Rhetoric
a. Ellipsis of Repeated Words
b. Ellipsis of Synonyms
;